History of Information Technology and Komunikasi

 A. the Perasejarah

a. Period (.... s / d 3000 BC)
Information technology initially developed at the time this man serves as a system for the introduction of forms meraka know. They describe the information they get on the walls of the cave, about hunting and prey animals. At this time they began to identify the objects that exist in the environment they live and represent it with the forms which they painted on cave walls tempa.t they live, because of their ability to speak only about the form of voice grunts and hand gestures as a form of their initial communication at this time.
Further developments are made and used tools that produce sound and gesture, such as drums, trumpets made of animal horn, or smoke signals as a means of giving warning of danger.

b. Historical Period (3000 BC s / d 1400-s M)
At that time the technology has not become the technology of mass information as you know today, information technology is still used by a limited circle only, use at specific times and costs a lot.

c. Period of 3000 BC
For the first time used by the Sumerians writing with symbols formed from the letters pictograf.
Symbols or letters also have a different sound form (mention), so it can be words, sentences and language.

d. Historical Period (3000 BC s / d 1400-s M)
1) 2900 BC
The use of letters hierogliph the ancient Egyptians. Hierogliph symbol is the language in which each phrase is represented by a symbol that berbeda.Ketika combined into one will have the pronunciations and different meanings. Heirogliph form of writing and language is more advanced than the Sumerian writing.
2) 500 BC
Papyrus fibers are used as paper. Paper made from papyrus tree fiber that grows around the Nile is a media writing or media information that is more robust and flexible than the clay tablets that were previously used as Menia information.
3) 105 M
The Chinese discovered kertas.Kertas invented by the Chinese at this time is the paper that you know today. This paper made from bamboo fibers are crushed, filtered, washed, then flattened and dried. This invention also allows the printing system is performed using a carving on a block of wood and covered by ink or that you know today with a cap.


2. Modern period (1400's M s / d now)
                         
Year 1455

The printing press that uses the letters are made of steel plate which can be changed in the wooden frame was developed for the first time by Johann Guntenberg

Of 1830

Augusta Lady Byron wrote the first computer program in the world to work with Charles Babbage's Analytical engine it uses. The tool is designed to be able to enter data, mengola data, and generate output in the form of a card. This machine is known as a form of the first digital computer, although the way it works is more mechanical than digital, 94 years before the first digital computer ENIAC 1 is formed

                                                      Year 1837

Samuel Morse developed the telegraph and Morse code language with Sir William Cook and Sir Charles Wheatstone sent electronically between two distant parties through the cable connecting the two places. Delivery and receipt of this information can be sent and received at about the same time the present invention allows information to be widely accepted and used by people with no handicapped by distance and time.


Of 1861

Moving images are projected onto a screen was first used as the precursor of the film is now in ancient times as the projector is growing step on the screen.


In 1876

 At this time marked by the character that develops Melvyl Dewey decimal system of writing.


In 1877

1) Alexander Graham Bell invented and developed the first phone that is used in general.
2) high-speed photography was invented by Edward Maybridge.


In 1899

Used in tape storage system (tape) the first magnetic storage, but at this time still is analog not digital like the present.

In 1923

At this time marked by Zvorkyn creating the first television tubes.


In 1940

Commencement of the development of science in the field of information during World War 2, which is used for the purpose of sending and receiving military documents that are stored in the form of magnetic tape.
       

In 1945

Vannevar Bush developed a coding system using hypertext.Pada this period the use of hypertext has been developed along with the development of web site design is currently evolving.


In 1946

In the time period of this technology in the world's first digital computer ENIAC was developed, although I have not so many users, but computer technology has been used certain agencies.


In 1948

Researchers at Bell Telephone developed the transistor.


Year 1957

1) Jean Hoerni develop planar.Teknologi transistor allows the development of millions and even billions of transistors incorporated into a small piece of silicon crystal.
2) USSR (Russia at the time) as the launching of Sputnik the first artificial earth satellite that serves as an eye-mata.Sebagai return the U.S. to form the Advance Research Projects Agency (ARPA) under the authority of the Department of Defense to develop science and information technology in the military .


Year 1972

At this time Ray Tomlinson created the first e-mail program used to communicate over long distances using teks.E-mail can be considered as electronic mail.


Year 1973-1990

The term Internet was introduced in a paper on TCP / IP then made the development of a network protocol that became known as TCP / IP developed by a group of DARPA.Pada the 1981 National Science Foundation to develop a backbone called CSNET 56 Kbps capacity for each institution in pemerintahan.Kemudian in 1986, the IETF developed a server that serves as a means of coordination include: DARPA, ARPANET, DDN, and Internet Gateway.


Year 1991-Now

Business systems in the IT field first occurs when the CERN in overcoming operational costs a fee from its formation in 1992 anggotanya.Pada Internet community, and introduced the term World Wide Web (WWW) by CERN.Pada 1993, NSF established the InterNIC to provide services internet related directories and data storage and database (by AT & T), registration services (by Network Solutions Inc.), and information services (by General Atomics / CERFNET). In 1994 the growth of the Internet drove very quickly and began reaching into all aspects of life humans and become an inseparable part of manusia.Tahun 1995, public companies began to be allowed into the network provider to purchase this Backbone.Langkah began development of information technology especially the internet and research to develop systems and more sophisticated tools.
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